The memory of 60 years of new China's hygiene: If " want to be rich and give birth to few child many kinds of trees "

The memory of 60 years of new China's hygiene: If " want to be rich and give birth to few child many kinds of trees "
Staff reporter Zhang HaoHua
Keyword: Birth control
Theory of a traditional idea of challenge
Our country carried on the first census in history in 1953, the result showed, Chinese people's total is 600 million people, the rate of increase is 20%. .
"The intersection of China and population develop, go down like this, have 810 million after the 10 year, how much after the 50 year? Frighten people to death! 2,619 million. " July 5, 1957, Ma Yinchu, president of Peking University, the written speech entitled new theories of people is published in full by " People's Daily " at the one Session of the fourth meeting of National People's Congress. He thinks, must implement birth control, except for birth control, nothing can do it.
1971, the State Council transfer to criticize " the on doing a good job of birth control report ", for the first time control the index of population growth to include in the national economic development plan.
On September 25, 1980, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China sent out " open letter on controlling the population growth issue to send to all Communist, League member ", call Party and League members to take the lead to only give birth to a child. While recommending a couple and only bearing a child, will emphasize late marriage and childbirth appropriately. " 9 25 open letters " ,Become the milestone in history of birth control of our country.
In 1982, birth control was determined as a fundamental state policy of our country. Hereafter, " it was good that a couple only grew one " ," if the people of mountain area want to be rich, give birth to few child many kinds of trees " ,Propagate the slogans and is seen everywhere in such birth control. In 2001, " population and birth control law " issued, this state basic policy was become the law.
The persons who experience personally tell:
From chasing the big stomach to reward assisting
"Fine the paper money, pull down a house, chase the big stomach. " Jiao ZhiGao of over 50 describes the situation while just beginning to implement of planning the child-bearing policy from the seventies of last century to the eighties like this. Propagate the cadre standing as the intersection of Shunyi District of Beijing and birth control, the burnt will goes through the development and change by state basic policy of birth control of our country high: "At that time, it was very difficult as the family planning cadre! Chinese think, full of children many good fortune always, to very much difficult to understand to implement birth control. The work of birth control was known as ' peerlessly and difficultly ' at that time. "
Jiao ZhiGao says, after reform and opening-up, Chinese are rich, family planning personnel enforce the law more normally, the country pays more attention to the humanization of the family planning policy too. Since the 1990s of last century, the whole country has begun to launch " new practice of marriage and childbirth into ten thousand families " The activity, recommend raising healthier, better educated children, birth control serves and explores that has set up various interests to lead the mechanism, namely some birth control families in the countryside reward and assist the system, western region birth control " Grow few rich projects soon " , family especially assists birth control system,etc., replenish, reduce or remit tuition and incidental expenses, solve problem of supporting parents, help the intersection of they and the intersection of person who get rich and measure for rural the intersection of family planning and households of children for the intersection of family planning and family with discount loan by various family planning through release, lead reproduction age masses to implement birth control consciously.
In the countryside at present, a family planning family can get the family planning of more than 10,000 yuan to replenish in one year. The statistics show, in 2008, it releases 1,230 million yuan to reward and assist gold assisting the system 2,050,000 people in the whole country for the rural birth control family to reward. By the end of 2008, " it is raw and soon rich to lack " The project benefits more than 300,000 families. The birth control family especially assists the system, will benefit 350,000 people in 2008, will release and assist 300 million yuan of gold.
ZhiGao Jiao say Shunyi District bear the will investigation to reveal will it be the 1990s last century, about 73% of reproduction age crowds want to give birth to the second child. The investigation in 2003 reveals, only 22.9% of the people wanted to give birth to the second child.
Extend and read:
30 is young to give birth to 400 million persons
The third national census revealed, the population of our country was 1,030 million people in 1982, birth rate is 20.91%. ,Mortality is 6.36%. ,The natural rate of growth is 14.55%. .
The fourth national census revealed, national population was 1,160 million people, mortality was 6.28% in 1990. ,The natural rate of growth is 14.7%. .
At the end of the year of 2008, national total population is 1,320 million people, increase 6,730,000 people compared with the end of last year. Born in 16,080,000 people in the whole year, birth rate was 12.14%. ,Dead population is 9,350,000, mortality is 7.06%. ,The natural rate of growth is 5.08%. .
According to calculate, if fertility rate keep level in will it be will it be the beginning the seventies last century, have total population now exceed 1,700 million while being national. Birth control has been implemented over the past 30 years, Chinese have given birth to 400 million fewer people. Giving birth to 400 million fewer people equals every youngly and discharges 1,200 million tons of carbon dioxide.
Plan to help our country to realize the historical transition of the population reproduction type in child-bearing policy, it is the economic development of our country that has created the bonus one of population in about 40, has offered the valuable experience for the fact that countries all over the world, especially control population of developing country increased too fast.
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